Description –
Solid organ surgery solid organs that include the adrenal glands, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, and liver secrete juices, and control the quantity and distribution of food and water that are liable for physical body to survive. to get rid of cancer or tumors within the organs, surgeons prefer minimally invasive Laparoscopic surgeries over open surgeries because the former causes minimal pain and reduces the burden of treatment.
Solid organ surgery types of surgery –
What is Adrenalectomy?
“Adrenalectomy” is done to get rid of one or both of your adrenal glands. If a non-cancerous (benign) or cancerous adrenal tumor is discovered or it’s spread (metastasized) to the gland from another location, like kidney or lung, you’ll require surgery. Tumors of adrenal cortex causes blood levels of aldosterone to extend whereas tumors of medulla causes extreme variation of pulse or vital sign , which can be life threatening. just in case one adrenal is removed, the opposite one takes full control without the necessity for supplement medications.
What is Splenectomy?
“Splenectomy” is a surgery to get rid of your spleen. Below mentioned are few reasons for spleen removal: –
Auto-immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): during this disease, the patient’s platelet count is significantly low because the body makes antibodies to platelets, which are destroyed within the spleen itself.
Hemolytic anemia: during this , the body makes antibodies to red blood cells that are also destroyed in the spleen.
Hereditary conditions: There are several diseases that affect the form of red blood cells, such as, spherocytosis, red blood cell disease or thalassemia. Spleen identifies the red cells as abnormal within the patients affected by these diseases and ultimately reduces their count.
Malignancy: Patients affected by lymphoma or certain sorts of leukemia rarely require spleen removal.
Other reasons: Spleen must be removed when the blood supply becomes blocked (infarct) or artery abnormally expands (aneurysm)
What is Nephrectomy?
“Nephrectomy” surgery means to get rid of all or parts of the kidney. It’s also done to get rid of a healthy kidney from a donor for transplantation.
TYPES OF NEPHRECTOMY
There are two types of nephrectomy for a diseased kidney:-
Complete nephrectomy: Complete nephrectomy involves removing the whole kidney.
Partial nephrectomy: In partial nephrectomy, only the diseased or injured portion of the kidney is removed.
What is Pancreatectomy?
A “pancreatectomy” is the surgical removal of all or a part of the pancreas. There are several sorts of pancreatectomy:
- Pancreaticoduodenectomy
- Distal pancreatectomy
- Segmental pancreatectomy
- Total pancreatectomy
These procedures are done to treat variety of conditions, including Inflammation, Necrotising pancreatitis, Severe chronic pancreatitis, Severe Trauma, Neoplasms, Adenocarcinoma, Cystadenoma, Cystadenocarcinoma, Islet cell tumors, Papillary cystic neoplasms, Lymphoma, Acinar cell tumors, Ampullary cancer, Duodenal cancer, Severe hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and a number of other others.
What is Hepatectomy?
A “Hepatectomy” means the surgical removal of the liver. Partial Hepatectomies are performed for liver transplantation. The extent of surgery depends on the condition patient also as functioning of liver. The surgeon may remove a fraction of liver, or a whole lobe. However, in partial Hepatectomy, the surgeon leaves a margin of healthy liver tissue. In few cases, liver transplantation is required.
What are the Pre-Surgery Instruction and Post Surgery Instructions for Adrenalectomy, Splenectomy, Nephrectomy, Pancreatectomy, Hepatectomy?
Pre surgery instructions:
- Some preoperative investigations are required before surgery.
- Follow your surgeon instructions for any prescribed medications.
- You may be asked to prevent taking medicines like aspirin and related medications for a minimum of 5 days before surgery.
- One day before surgery, the patient is typically kept NPO (nothing to be taken orally except medicines prescribed) after midnight.
- Patients of adrenal tumours may have a couple of extra days of admission before surgery for spinal preparation.
Post surgery instructions:
- The patient is kept under observation for 2-4 hours then shifted to the allotted room .
- Patients are allowed to drink oral liquids on an same day of surgery.
- The patient is allowed to maneuver on his/her own and visit the rest room on an same day of the surgery.
- Generally the patient is discharged on subsequent day of the surgery.
- The patient is suggested to go to again after one week when the dressings are removed.
- Patient should avoid wetting the dressings unless they’re waterproof. After the removal of dressing, patient can have normal bath with soap and water.
- On discharge, a discharge summary with the advised medication is handed over to the patient along side the date of the primary follow up appointment.
- Regular follow up is suggested .
- Patients with ITP and low platelet levels may have pre operative infusion of platelet concentrate to optimize patient for surgery.